However, you can use any reference system providing it is sensible and consistent throughout the paper. We encourage the use of the Harvard or Vancouver reference systems. The style in the text for referring to tables and figures is, for example, ‘table 1’ and ‘figure 1’ (or ‘Table 1’ and ‘Figure 1’ if at the beginning of a sentence), respectively. If the figure has been previously published elsewhere, obtain permission from the original publisher and include the appropriate permissions wording in your figure caption, even if it is your own work. Use labels, e.g., ‘(a)’, ‘(b)’, etc where a figure has several parts. If this is not the case they will be renumbered as part of the production process. Number all figures and tables in numerical order. Size and position figures to achieve consistent font size and information display.įigures and tables will be placed as close as possible to their first citation within the text (ideally on the same page) when your article is typeset however, sometimes the number or size of figures does not allow for this. Place figures and graphics at the top of the page where possible and do not embed within the text. “they” instead of “he” or “she”) wherever possible. We encourage authors to use inclusive language (e.g.Do not use spaces between em dashes or en dashes. Em dashes (-) can be used in place of commas or brackets. En dashes ( –) can denote a range or relationship between two nouns.Use lower case ‘x’ in ‘x-ray’, except at the beginning of a sentence.Use single quotation marks for quotations and double quotation marks for quotations within quotations.Write each new footnote on a separate line. ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, etc, and the list the footnotes underneath the table. If numbers have been used for affiliations, run on subsequent footnotes in the text (rather than starting again at 1).ĭenote table footnotes with lower case superscript roman letters, e.g. Number footnotes sequentially throughout the article. In numbers, include a thin space every three digits from the decimal, e.g., 15 000.Do not use hyphens between a number and its unit use, e.g., 5 m thick barrier (not ‘5-m thick barrier’, or ‘5-m-thick barrier’).Write units in index notation, e.g., m s −1.Apply the same rule for numbers with mathematical operators, e.g., 1 = x. Use a full space between numbers and units, e.g., 1 m s −1.Use italic for subscripts and superscripts that are variables and roman for those that are labels.Make the following notation roman: differential ‘d’, exponential ‘e’, complex ‘i’, sin, cos, tan, etc.Punctuate equations (inline and displayed) as part of the sentence.Acronyms that are very familiar to readers of a particular journal do not need to be expanded.
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